Machine for treating hides



(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

W. EVANS. MACHINE FOR TREATING HIDES, SKINS, OE LEATHER.

No. 587,717, Patented Aug. 10,1897.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- W. EVANS.

MACHINE POR TREATING HIDES, SKINS, 0R LEATHER.

Patented Aug. 10,1897.

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(NO Model.) '3 Sheets-Sheet 3.'

W. EVANS. MACHINE FOR TRBATING HIDES, SKINS, OR'LEATHER.

Patented Aug. 10,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM EVANS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR TREATING HIDES, SKINS, OR LEATHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 587,717, dated August10, 1897'. Application led November 20, 1896. Serial No. 612,912. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EVANS, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Machines for Treating Hides7 of which the following is aspecification.

My invention has relation to a machine for leshing, scudding, cleansing,slicking, skiving, unhairing, or laying out hides, skins, or leather andfor analogous purposes; and it relates particularly to the constructionand arrangement of the drum upon which the Inaterial to be treated ismounted, as well as to means for grinding or sharpening the blades ofthe finishing-cylinder thereof.

The principalobjects of my invention are, rst, to provide in a machineof the character described a drum upon which the hide or skin issupported, said drum consisting of a core or barrel upon which issecured a series of elastic or yielding bands or strips of niaterial,the middle one of said bands or strips being less iexible, elastic, oryielding' than the other bands or strips, whereby the ridge or backboneof a skin may be more readily shaved and the skin also stretched orspread out more completely and uniformly, and, second, to provide in amachine of the character described a linishing roll or cylinder adaptedto be brought down upon the hide or skin upon the'drum by a treadlc orother suitable mechanism, the cylinder being normally held above thedrum out of operative position with respect thereto by means of supportssuspended from a system of counterpoising-levers, and a grinding-blockcarried by said supports and adapted to tra-verse the periphery of thecylinder to sharpen the lades of the same.

My invention, stated in general terms, consists of a' machine fortreating hides, skins, or leather constructed and arranged insubstantially the manner hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood fromthe following description, taken in connection with the acmain featuresof my invention. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is acrosssectional view of the machine. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partlysectioned, illustrating in detail the swinging support for the workingroll and for the grinding-block. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectionillustrating in detail the construction and arrangement of the grindingmechanism. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional vieW of the drum, andFigs. 7 and S are respectively top yand end elevational views of a hideor skin adapted to be worked in a machine of my invention.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the standards of the machine,preferably mounted upon a base a'. In the standards a is supported ashaft b, having mounted on the same a drum B, upon which the hide orskin B is adapted to be supported when worked by the machine. The drum Bconsists of a shell or core formed or built up preferably in livesections, as illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings. The central ormiddle section ZI' is covered by a tightly fitting sleeve b2 of rubber,which is vulcanized or treated so that its surface is comparatively iirmor hard. The other sections b3 are covered by sleeves b4 of rubber, thesurface of which is comparatively soft and Inore yielding than thecentral sleeve b2.

The sleeves h2 and b4 are united to the sections preferably in thefollowing Inanner: Upon the outer face of each section of the drum B isprovided a series of double-tapered longitudinal grooves or recesses b5,in order that the yielding material introduced into the same may becomefixed against possible slipping or displacement thereof. On the sectionsthus grooved is provided first a layer of elastic material of adough-like consistency or a plastic mass, which is pressed into thegrooves or recesses b5. This elastic material, which by preference isrubber, is baked'until hard, and an outer layer of vulcanized rubber isthen applied thereon by means of cement or otherwise. rlhe texture ofthe outer layer varies, so that preferably the central sleeve b2 isharder and less elast-ic than the other sleeves b4 thereof. The drum Bthus formed is peculiarly adapted to support a hide or skin B', known asa cow or bull hide and having the wrinkled central portion B2terminating in the ridge or backbone B3, which portion B2 and ridge B3Aare adapted to lie upon the central sleeve b2. By reason of its harderand less elastic texture this sleeve b2 permits of the hide beingtrimmed or shaved down evenly and smoothly across its entire Width andthe more elastic sections b4 permit of the stretching or spreading outlaterally of the hide or skin in passage through the machine and duringtreatment of the same therein. Directly above -the drum Bis suspended acutter, ileshing, or working cylinder D, the shaft d of which isjournaled in vertically-movable boxes CZ', supported by means of theframes or brackets e, arranged at either end of the shaft d, asillustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawings. The upper end ofeachbracket c is pivoted, as at c', to a counterweighted le ver e3,which is pivotally supported, as at e4, in the frame or standardsd ofthe machine.

The lower end of each bracket is secured to one end of a rod f, theother end of which is pivoted to a treadle-arm f. The treadlearms f' areeach by preference pivoted at one end in an extension or bracket f2 ofthe standards d near the base d', and the free ends of the arms f areconnected by a' foot-piece f3, upon which the operator presses todepress, through the treadlearmsf,rodsf, and frames e, the shaft d andcylinder D in the direction of or toward the drum B.

Upon the brackets f2 is pivoted a lever f, one end of each of whichbears against the pivotal connection of the rods f with the treadle-armsf. The other'end of each lever fL is counterweighted at f5. By thuscounterweighting the levers e3 and f4 the brackets e, and consequentlythe cylinder D, are normally elevated and balanced in such manner asthat the cylinder D can be depressed by the treadle-arms f without theusual slip or backlash.

The cylinder D is driven directly from a main shaft (not shown) inthefollowing preferred manner: To one end of the shaft CZ of the saidcylinder is keyed or otherwise secured a pulley 7L. One of the boxes dis carried at both sides of the machine by arms h', pivoted, as at 71,2,to a stud h3, upon which rotates an idle-pulleyh The free ends of thearms 71. carry a stud h5, upon which a pulley h6 revolves. A belt k7 ispassed around a driving-pulley (not shown) and then under the pulley h,over the pulley h4, and under the pulley 7L, substantially asillustrated in Figs. l and 3.

It will be apparent from the above descripthat therefore a normaltension of the belt k7 is secured, irrespective of the movement of .theshaft CZ, pulley 71, and cylinder D.

The brackets e are connected together by the cross-rods m, upon which acarriage 'mf is mounted and adapted to be slid by means of the handlesm2 to thereby traverse the length ofthe cylinder D above the peripherythereof, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5. On the carriage mf is arrangeda vertically-movable slide m3, carrying a block m4 of emery or othersuitable grinding material. The slide m3 and block m4 are fed toward oraway from the blades of the cylinder D by means of the threaded bolt m5,operated by the crank or handle m, supported by an extension or bracketm7 on the carriage m', as shown in Fig. 5. By thus mounting the carriagem and the grinding-block m4 upon the crossrods m the grinding mechanismis always in fixed relationship with respect to the cylin der D, and anymovement up or' down of said cylinder is imparted by the brackets e andcross-rods m to t-he carriage m and the block m4. Hence no matter whatthe position of the cylinder be with respect to the drum B its bladesmay be sharpened and trued by the grinding mechanism hereinbeforeexplained.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a machine of the character described, a drum upon which the hide,skin or leather is adapted to be supported and consisting of IOO acylindrical core or barrel provided with grooves or recesses, a coveringof elastic or yielding material of equal thickness throughout appliedthereto but the central portion of said applied covering being of a lesselastic nature than the end portions thereof, substantially as and forthe purposes described.

2. In a machine of the character described, a sectional 'drum providedwith double tapered grooves or recesses, a yielding material orsubstance applied thereto, and one of said sections being ofgreaterrmness or ri gidity than the other sections of said drum,substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a machine/of the character described, a working roll or cylinder,brackets supporting said cylinder, counterpoising-levers from which saidbrackets are suspended, crossrods connecting said brackets and agrinding mechanism supported on and adapted to slide over said rods andmaintained in fixed l relationship with respect to said cylinder,substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a machine of the character described,

two counterweig'hted arms, a bracket suspended from each arm, a cylinderhaving its bearings in said brackets, cross-rods connecting saidbrackets, a carriage supported on and adapted to slide over saidcross-rods, a slide vertically movable with respect to the carriage, agrinding-block carried by said slide and means for moving said slide andblock in the carriage toward'or away from the periphery of saidcylinder, substantially Io as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence oftwo subscribing Witnesses.

WILLIAM EVANS. lVitnesses:

J. WALTER DoUcLAss, THOMAS M. SMITH.

